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by Professor Fred Watson and Andrew Dunkley
Hosted by Astronomer At Large, Professor Fred Watson and Sci-Author/Broadcaster Andrew Dunkley. 660 episodes and counting. Very active (and friendly) listener community.
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Sponsor Link:This episode of Space Nuts is brought to you with the support of NordVPN.. To check out special money saving deal, visit www.nordvpn.com/spacenuts Space Nuts: Q&A on Radial Velocity, Dark Matter, and Angular MomentumIn this engaging Q&A episode of Space Nuts, hosts Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson tackle a variety of intriguing listener questions, ranging from the complexities of radial velocity in exoplanet detection to the mysteries of dark matter and angular momentum in black holes. Join them as they explore these cosmic conundrums with their characteristic wit and expertise.Key topics- Hussein from Yemen asks about the radial velocity method for detecting exoplanets, prompting a discussion on how astronomers can isolate individual planets from the combined gravitational effects of multiple bodies.- Martin from Maryland raises a thought-provoking question on the potential to harness dark energy for space flight, leading to an exploration of the feasibility of accelerating spacecraft to near-light speeds.- Peter from Sweden inquires about the angular momentum of matter falling into black holes, sparking a conversation on whether this matter retains its momentum or needs to shed some energy before crossing the event horizon.- Andrew and Fred Watson also touch on the ongoing search for Planet Nine and the importance of surveying exoplanets for understanding the universe's structure and potential for life beyond Earth.Timestamps00:00 - Introduction to the Q&A format and listener questions01:20 - Hussein's question about radial velocity and exoplanets10:30 - Martin's inquiry on harnessing dark energy for space travel18:45 - Peter's question about angular momentum and black holes26:00 - Discussion on the significance of ongoing exoplanet surveys32:15 - Closing thoughts and listener engagementBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.
Perseverance drove to the edge of an ancient Martian lake expecting a beach and found the inside of a volcano — rock that water has been through at least three separate times. Europe's Jupiter probe comes home on Monday night and crosses Australia in a fully dark sky. Two teams, using two completely different techniques, both find something hiding inside the most famous planetary system we have ever photographed — and an Australian instrument is in the middle of one of them. Plus: heavy water in an interstellar comet, and what it says about the star that made it. In this episode · LEAD — Three floods at the crater's edge. Candice Bedford (Purdue) and colleagues publish in Communications Earth & Environment: the Margin Unit at Jezero is igneous, not sedimentary, and records at least three distinct episodes of water — CO₂-rich groundwater making carbonate ridges, then silica associated with the lake, then a later hot-water event leaving fluorite veins. Habitability context, not a biosignature. · Juice returns. ESA confirms the third Earth gravity assist for 28 September — closest approach 11:45 UTC over the Indian Ocean, bending the trajectory ~20° and adding ~3.5 km/s. The spacecraft crosses Australia north-east to north-west 15–30 minutes earlier, in full darkness. · HR 8799. Two preprints in two weeks point at a fifth, inner planet — one from archival JWST aperture-masking data (~7 au, a few Jupiter masses), one from Gaia astrometry (2–3 au, 10–14 Jupiter masses). They do not obviously describe the same object. Neither is peer-reviewed. · 3I/ATLAS. A modelling paper explains the high deuterium-to-hydrogen ratio measured in March as consistent with formation around a low-metallicity — meaning old — star. · Quick hit: Starship Flight 14 still targeting 28 September; Crew-13 still 'no earlier than early October' on NASA's own page; Albania signs the Artemis Accords as the 73rd country. · Skywatch: the equinox as an instant rather than a date, the Juice pass over Australia, Venus and Mercury for the south, Mars and Jupiter before dawn for the north, and Saturn heading into opposition. Sources and further reading · Bedford, C. C. et al., 'Lake- and groundwater-associated alteration of the olivine-rich Margin unit in Jezero crater, Mars', Communications Earth & Environment (2026). DOI 10.1038/s43247-026-03997-9 · NASA/JPL, 'NASA Discovery Reveals Complex Water Systems on Early Mars', 21 September 2026. · ESA, 'Juice to fly past Earth for third gravity assist', 21 September 2026. · Nguyen, J. S. et al., 'A Candidate Innermost Fifth Planet In the HR 8799 System Revealed By JWST NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry', arXiv:2609.10507. · Lagrange, A.-M. et al., 'A fifth companion in the HR 8799 system revealed by Gaia', arXiv:2609.20996 (submitted to Nature Astronomy). · Furuya, K., Cordiner, M., Bockelée-Morvan, D. et al., arXiv:2609.12370. · NASA OIIR, 'NASA Welcomes Albania as Newest Artemis Accords Signatory', 21 September 2026. Skywatch figures computed in-session with PyEphem 4.2.1 for Sydney, Los Angeles, New York and London. Times are local unless marked UTC.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.
Space Nuts: Q&A on BepiColombo, Neutrinos, and Time DilationIn this Q&A edition of Space Nuts, hosts Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson dive into a series of intriguing listener questions that span topics from the nuances of orbital velocity to the enigmatic world of neutrinos and the complexities of time dilation. Join them as they unravel these cosmic queries with their signature blend of insight and humour.Key topics- Larry from Nebraska asks about the BepiColombo mission and the relationship between gravitational assists and orbital velocity, prompting a discussion on how spacecraft navigate the solar system.- Eduardo explores the nature of neutrinos, questioning whether they are affected by gravity and whether they can be trapped by black holes.- Shumo presents a thought-provoking idea about using high-energy gamma rays or neutrinos as interstellar beacons, leading to a discussion on the potential for advanced civilisations to communicate through unconventional means.- Colin from Adelaide raises questions about time dilation effects as depicted in the science fiction movie "Project Hail Mary," specifically the implications of travelling close to the speed of light and the resulting age differences upon return to Earth.Timestamps00:00 - Introduction to the Q&A format and listener interactions01:20 - Larry's question about BepiColombo and gravitational assists10:30 - Eduardo's inquiry on neutrinos and black holes18:45 - Shumo's question about interstellar beacons using gamma rays or neutrinos26:00 - Colin's confusion about time dilation in "Project Hail Mary"32:15 - Discussion on the implications of time dilation and relativityBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.
Sponsor Link:This episode of Space Nuts is brought to you with the support of NordVPN. your first stop for online privavcy. To check out our special offer with a 30 day money back guarantee, visit www.nordvpn.com/spacenutsSpace Nuts: Venus’s Missing Moon, Satellite Pollution, and Space Force Uniform ControversySpace Nuts covers three very different space stories in this episode, ranging from planetary science to the consequences of satellite reentry and a controversial military uniform design. Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson also field listener questions on orbital mechanics, neutrinos, alien communication, and time dilation.The discussion is broad, but the main thread is clear: how real-world physics shapes everything from Venus’s history to the future of spaceflight and even the look of space-age uniforms.Key topicsVenus is Earth-like in size, mass, and gravity, but unlike Earth it has no moon, and the episode explores whether it may once have had one.Fred explains a modeling study led by Stephen Kane suggesting a Venus moon could have spiraled inward, crossed the Roche limit, and been torn apart by tidal forces.The team discusses what evidence might remain if Venus once consumed a moon, including possible chemical fingerprints in the atmosphere or surface.Satellite pollution is examined through the lens of reentering spacecraft, especially the growing number of Starlink reentries and their impact on the upper atmosphere.The European Space Agency’s jet-based chase of two reentering Cluster spacecraft, Tango and Samba, is described as an effort to measure reentry byproducts directly.The conversation raises concerns about aluminium oxides, atmospheric chemistry, and whether repeated reentries could have broader consequences such as ozone depletion.The final main story looks at proposed United States Space Force uniforms and why the design drew immediate comparisons to World War II-era fascist aesthetics and Starship Troopers.Andrew and Fred note how uniform design can shape perception, and why the new concept feels divisive rather than inspiring.Timestamps00:00 - Intro and setup for the episode00:41 - Venus, satellite pollution, and Space Force uniforms preview04:40 - Venus as Earth’s twin and why it has no moon08:21 - Modeling a missing Venusian moon09:20 - Gravitational tug-of-war and moon migration toward Venus11:44 - Conditions for a moon to survive around Venus12:43 - Possible traces of an ancient moon impact16:06 - Satellite pollution from reentering spacecraft17:16 - Starlink reentries and atmospheric contamination18:14 - ESA’s jet chase of reentering Cluster spacecraft20:06 - Observing Tango and Samba during controlled reentry21:45 - Why the atmospheric consequences could become controversial23:12 - Wood as a potentially more benign spacecraft material24:16 - Space Force uniforms and the first visual reaction25:34 - Starship Troopers and deliberate fascist design cues27:29 - Why the proposed uniforms feel unsettlingBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.
Sponsor Link:This episode of Space Nuts is brought to with the support of NordVPN. To grab our special NordVPN deal, simply visit www.nordvpn.com/spacenuts ....take control of your online privacy because no-one else is going to do it for you!Space Nuts: Q&A on Mitsubishi's Role in Telescope Manufacturing, Jupiter's Storms, and Gravitational WavesIn this Q&A episode of Space Nuts, hosts Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson tackle a range of fascinating listener questions, from the involvement of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in telescope manufacturing to the mysteries of Jupiter’s storms and the nature of gravitational waves. Join them as they delve into these cosmic queries with their signature wit and expertise.Key topics- Thomas from Canberra asks about Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and their role in the manufacturing of telescope hardware at Siding Spring Observatory. Fred Watson explains the engineering behind the Anglo-Australian Telescope and the significance of its construction.- Young listener Emily poses a question about Jupiter's Great Red Spot, prompting a discussion on the dynamics of storms and atmospheric patterns on the gas giant.- Butch from the UK inquires about the Parker Solar Probe and its mission to study the sun, as well as the advancements in solar observation technology.- Trent from North Georgia wonders if gravitational waves are slowed down by passing through matter, leading to an insightful explanation of how these waves interact with the fabric of spacetime.- The episode wraps up with a lively discussion on the role of artificial intelligence in astronomy and its implications for the future of scientific research.Timestamps00:00 - Introduction to the Q&A format and listener interactions01:20 - Thomas's question about Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Siding Spring Observatory10:30 - Emily's question about storms on Jupiter18:45 - Butch's inquiry on the Parker Solar Probe and solar missions26:00 - Trent's question about gravitational waves and their speed32:15 - Discussion on artificial intelligence in astronomy and its impact40:00 - Closing remarks and listener engagementBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.
Space Nuts: Dark matter clues, Saturn’s new decagon, Mars and Titan missions.Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson cover a packed astronomy episode that moves from a tentative dark matter signal to a newly spotted ten sided storm pattern on Saturn. They also dig into two upcoming sample return style missions, one to Mars and one to Titan, before finishing with listener questions about Jupiter’s Great Red Spot, solar missions, gravitational waves, and AI in astronomy.Key topicsIn this episode, Andrew and Fred discuss the Lux-Zeppelin underground detector result, where researchers saw a low-energy flash that might be consistent with dark matter, though the signal is still far short of discovery level.Fred explains why dark matter is inferred from galaxy rotation and gravitational lensing, and why direct detection experiments need to be buried deep underground and shielded from background noise.The discussion covers Fred’s own migraine aura experience, including the zigzag visual pattern he describes as a brain-based phenomenon that affects both eyes.In this episode, they celebrate an outback astronomy success story involving Trevor Barry of Broken Hill, whose long-term Saturn observations helped connect amateur and professional work on planetary atmospheres.Fred explains Saturn’s famous north polar hexagon and the newly reported south polar decagon, noting that the southern feature appears to have formed only since 2023.They cover China’s Tianwen-3 Mars sample return plans, including the narrowing of candidate landing sites from 86 to 12 and the mission’s focus on clay-rich terrain that may preserve signs of ancient life.Fred and Andrew also discuss NASA’s Dragonfly mission to Titan, including the chosen region near Selk crater, the expected 3.3-year primary mission, and why Titan’s dense atmosphere makes rotorcraft flight more practical there than on Mars.Timestamps00:00 - Pre-show timing and getting ready to go live00:49 - Welcome to Space Nuts and what’s coming up02:23 - Fred joins the show and mentions recovering from knee surgery03:17 - First story: a possible dark matter detection at Lux-Zeppelin05:28 - Why dark matter is hard to detect directly06:56 - Underground detectors and the LZ experiment in South Dakota08:50 - The flash event and why it is only a hint, not a discovery11:44 - The 2.6 sigma result and what that means statistically13:55 - Trevor Barry and the discovery of Saturn’s south polar decagon16:23 - Saturn’s north polar hexagon and why the south is unusual17:49 - The decagon’s possible recent formation and what comes next21:26 - China’s Tianwen-3 Mars sample return mission23:40 - Candidate landing sites narrowed down and why clays matter25:20 - NASA’s Dragonfly mission to Titan26:03 - Why the Titan landing region near Selk crater is scientifically interesting27:31 - Dragonfly’s three point three year primary mission and Titan’s chemistry29:09 - Listener shout-outs and wrapping the first halfBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.
Space Nuts: Q&A on the Swift Satellite, Redshift, and Hypothetical White HolesIn this engaging Q&A edition of Space Nuts, hosts Andrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson dive into a myriad of intriguing questions posed by listeners. From the fate of the Swift satellite to the mysteries of redshift and the speculative nature of white holes, this episode covers a wide range of cosmic curiosities.Key topics include:- The fate of the Swift satellite and the challenges faced by the Link mission meant to boost its orbit.- An exploration of redshift and the implications of energy loss in distant light.- Insights into the temperature variations on the Moon and the potential for human habitation beneath its surface.- A thought-provoking discussion on the hypothetical merger of black holes and white holes, and what that could mean for our understanding of the universe.Join Andrew and Fred Watson as they tackle these questions with their signature blend of humour and expertise, providing listeners with a deeper understanding of the cosmos.00:00 - This is where the audience asks us questions, we scratch our heads01:20 - Do you always record on the same day and time02:56 - What are your thoughts on the red dots as seen by James Webb Telescope06:33 - A spacecraft called Link will boost the decaying orbit of the Swift satellite14:08 - Is distant light redshifted? What happens to the lost energy16:18 - Professor Fred Watson discusses Apollo 13 problems in Q and A edition17:19 - Fenton from Minnesota has a question about the temperature on the moon23:13 - European astrobiologist working on Roslyn Franklin rover on Mars26:03 - Fred Watson asks what would happen if a white hole merged with a black holeBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.
Space Nuts: Spanish Eclipse, Nancy Grace Roman Launch, Cloud Nine, and Venus's Mysterious CloudsAndrew Dunkley and Professor Fred Watson cover four big astronomy stories in this episode, from Fred’s trip to view a sunset eclipse in Spain to the launch of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. They also unpack a starless dwarf galaxy called Cloud Nine and a new way of thinking about the strange dark material in Venus’s clouds.Guests and speakersAndrew Dunkley - Host, frames the news, asks listener questions, and guides the discussion.Professor Fred Watson - Astronomer at large, explains the eclipse, the Roman telescope, Cloud Nine, and Venus’s clouds.Key topicsIn this episode, Fred recounts the Spanish eclipse expeditionThe eclipse was only 9 degrees above the western horizon at totality, making the viewing conditions unusually challenging.He and Marnie led a 16-person tour through France, Spain, and Switzerland before settling near Santander in northern Spain.They staked out a viewing site 2 kilometers from the hotel, set up a gazebo, and had to tie it down to a car to keep it from blowing away.The weather looked threatening, but a hole opened in the cloud just before totality, giving them a clear view of the corona.Fred described the yellowish corona, pink hydrogen clouds, and the crowd of around 2,000 people.We discuss the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope launchAndrew watched the launch live after being nudged by his own brain at the right moment.Fred noted the launch was flawless, with 27 Merlin motors firing.The telescope is headed for the L2 Lagrange point, about 1.5 million kilometers away.Roman is a 2.4-meter Hubble-class telescope but with 100 times the field of view.Its wide-angle infrared design should enable major surveys of dark matter, dark energy, and exoplanets via its coronagraph.Fred explains why Cloud Nine mattersCloud Nine is described as a starless dwarf galaxy about 14 million light years away.It lies near Messier 94 and was studied using the Gran Telescopio Canarias and its Hypercam instrument.The deep exposure was 2.36 hours, yet the team found no convincing stellar population.Fred says theory suggests the gas may be too hot to cool and collapse into stars because of the ultraviolet background radiation after reionization.He says Cloud Nine may be the first strong example of a galaxy predicted by standard cosmology but never before clearly identified.Venus’s clouds are still puzzling astronomersFred explains that Venus appears yellowish because we see the top of its cloud layer, especially in visible light.In ultraviolet, Venus shows dramatic global cloud patterns caused by an as-yet unidentified absorber.The new study uses radiative transfer modeling to constrain what the unknown absorber could be.The team compares Venus’s cloud droplets to cigarette smoke, tiny particles that look light-colored when dispersed but could become dark sludge in bulk.The result suggests the absorber must be very efficient, very concentrated, or both, but it is not being claimed as evidence of life.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/space-nuts-astronomy-insights-cosmic-discoveries--2631155/support.
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Hosted by Astronomer At Large, Professor Fred Watson and Sci-Author/Broadcaster Andrew Dunkley. 660 episodes and counting. Very active (and friendly) listener community.
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